【正文】 社會(huì)集結(jié)資源來(lái)援助這些冒著生命危險(xiǎn)要求得到應(yīng)得的基本人類尊嚴(yán)的勇敢男女們顯得愈發(fā)重要。
　　That also makes it important to e to the aid of Jordan and Lebanon today. The World Bank provided $150 million in emergency aid to Jordan just a few months ago, and we just pleted a prehensive economic and social impact assessment of Lebanon that found the country has lost billions of dollars due to the war in Syria.
　　這也使得今天對(duì)約旦和黎巴嫩伸出援助之手十分重要。，我們也剛剛完成了對(duì)黎巴嫩的全面的經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)影響評(píng)估，發(fā)現(xiàn)敘利亞內(nèi)戰(zhàn)導(dǎo)致黎巴嫩損失了數(shù)十億美元。
　　Lebanon now hosts more than 760,000 Syrian refugees, which could be likened to 56 million refugees entering the United States, 45 million of which would have entered since this January alone. Think of the disruption. Last week, I attended the UN General Assembly meeting of the International Support Group for Lebanon. Donors pledged some funds for the country, but we need to do much more or we risk catastrophe in Lebanon.
　　黎巴嫩目前接待了超過(guò)76萬(wàn)敘利亞難民，按人口比例來(lái)說(shuō)，這相當(dāng)于美國(guó)涌入5600萬(wàn)難民，而且僅僅從今年1月以后來(lái)到的就有 4500萬(wàn)人。想想這會(huì)帶來(lái)什么樣的混亂。上周，我們出席了聯(lián)合國(guó)大會(huì)的黎巴嫩國(guó)際援助小組會(huì)議。各援助方承諾為黎巴嫩提供一些資金，但我們還需要做得更多，否則黎巴嫩可能會(huì)發(fā)生巨大的災(zāi)難。
　　Our two goals
　　我們的兩大目標(biāo)
　　Just six months ago, our board endorsed the two goals of the World Bank Group: the first is to end extreme poverty by 2030。 the second is to boost shared prosperity by promoting real ine growth for the bottom 40 percent of the population.
　　僅僅半年前，我們的董事會(huì)批準(zhǔn)了世界銀行集團(tuán)的兩大目標(biāo)：第一個(gè)目標(biāo)是到2030年終結(jié)極度貧困。第二個(gè)目標(biāo)是促進(jìn)收入最低的40%的人口實(shí)際收入的增長(zhǎng)，推動(dòng)共享繁榮。
　　How does this relate to the situation on the ground in the Middle East and in other poor countries? The goal of ending extreme poverty stands on its own as the moral underpinning of all that we do. The fact that more than a billion people live on less than a dollar, 25 a day in 2020 is a stain on our moral conscience. We must help lift people out of poverty without delay, without prejudice, no matter the circumstance, no matter the locale.
　　怎樣把這兩個(gè)目標(biāo)與中東及其他貧困國(guó)家的現(xiàn)實(shí)情況聯(lián)系起來(lái)?終結(jié)極度貧困的目標(biāo)本身就是我們所做的一切工作的道德基礎(chǔ)。，這是我們道德良心上的一個(gè)恥辱。我們必須幫助人民擺脫貧困，一刻不能耽擱，不帶任何成見，不管是何種情況、什么地方。
　　Our second goal of boosting shared prosperity is more plex, but relevant to the entire world. The protests during the Arab Spring, and the more recent ones in Turkey, Brazil, and South Africa were rooted in the universal desire to participate in the global middle class.
　　我們促進(jìn)共享繁榮的第二個(gè)目標(biāo)更為復(fù)雜，但也與全世界都直接相關(guān)。阿拉伯之春期間的抗議活動(dòng)，以及最近在土耳其、巴西和南非發(fā)生的抗議活動(dòng)，都植根于一種躋身全球中產(chǎn)階級(jí)的普遍愿望。
　　Today, leaders around the world realize that boosting shared prosperity for the bottom 40 percent is being more and more critical to ensure stability. It used to be that much of this discontent boiled under the surface. But social media has created an enormous “virtual middle class,” as Thomas Friedman has called it, who will continue to knock on, and then break down, the door of opportunity.
　　今天，世界各國(guó)的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人都意識(shí)到，促進(jìn)底層40%的人口共享繁榮對(duì)于確保穩(wěn)定變得日益重要。在過(guò)去，許多不滿情緒在社會(huì)表層下沸騰。但社交媒體創(chuàng)造了一個(gè)巨大的、被托馬斯弗里德曼稱為“虛擬的中間階層”的群體，這個(gè)階層會(huì)繼續(xù)叩響然后打破機(jī)遇之門。
　　The lesson is that we should pay much more attention to whether growth reaches all the population, and not just the elite. One way to do so is by looking beyond the overall GDP growth。 we need to directly monitor ine gains among the bottom 40 percent. Economic progress must also be environmentally and financially sustainable over generations.
　　一個(gè)教訓(xùn)是我們應(yīng)當(dāng)更多地關(guān)注增長(zhǎng)是否惠及全體人民而不僅僅是特權(quán)階層。要做到這一點(diǎn)，一個(gè)辦法就是不能只看總體的GDP增長(zhǎng)指標(biāo)。我們需要直接監(jiān)測(cè)底層40%的收入增長(zhǎng)。經(jīng)濟(jì)進(jìn)步還需要在環(huán)境上和財(cái)政上具有可持續(xù)性，延續(xù)到子孫后代。
　　So how can ines of the less fortunate increase in a sustained way? There is more than one path to shared prosperity. One path is through increased opportunities driven by greater economic growth. Another is through a stable social contract, which focuses on raising the living standards of the poor and the disadvantaged. Both paths can lead to improved opportunities for citizens if societies can bee more dynamic and productive with greater room for social mobility.
　　那么怎樣才能以持續(xù)的方式增加貧困人口的收入呢?通向共同繁榮的路不止一條。一條路是通過(guò)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)創(chuàng)造更多機(jī)會(huì)。另一條路是通過(guò)穩(wěn)定的社會(huì)契約，重點(diǎn)提高貧困弱勢(shì)人群的生活水平。如果社會(huì)更有活力，有更高的生產(chǎn)力，為社會(huì)流動(dòng)性提供更大空間，那么這兩種道路就都能為公民帶來(lái)更多更好的機(jī)會(huì)。
　　Reaching our first goal of ending extreme poverty by 2030 will not only be historic. It will be extraordinarily difficult. Today, our economists estimate that the number of poor people hovers at just over one billion people, or 150 million fewer than in 2020.
　　達(dá)到我們的第一項(xiàng)目標(biāo)——到2030年終結(jié)極度貧困——不僅僅是具有歷史意義的，而且是異常困難的。今天，我們的經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家估計(jì)貧困人口的人數(shù)徘徊在略稍高于10億。
　　We are making progress, but nothing is assured in this battle, and it will get much tougher the closer we get to the goal. Global growth could be slower than historic trends. Disasters driven by a changing climate could reverse years of development success. Investors could bee even more skittish. Longterm financing for much needed infrastructure – already scarce – could dry up.
　　我們正在取得進(jìn)步，但在這場(chǎng)斗爭(zhēng)中沒(méi)有什么是確定無(wú)疑的，而且我們?cè)绞墙咏繕?biāo)，困難也會(huì)越大。全球增長(zhǎng)速度可能會(huì)低于歷史趨勢(shì)。氣候變化造成的災(zāi)害可能扭轉(zhuǎn)多年的發(fā)展成果。投資者有可能會(huì)變得膽小?；A(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)急需的長(zhǎng)期融資已很稀缺，還有可能枯竭。
　　At the World Bank Group, our two goals require us to deliver results for people. As Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. once said, our goals must be “transformed from thin paper to thick action.” What will we do—all of us—to translate our plans into effective action to end poverty?
　　在世界銀行集團(tuán)，這兩大目標(biāo)要求我們?yōu)槿藗內(nèi)〉们袑?shí)成效。馬丁路德金博士曾經(jīng)說(shuō)過(guò)，我們的目標(biāo)必須“從一頁(yè)薄紙變?yōu)槟_踏實(shí)地的行動(dòng)”。我們將如何將計(jì)劃轉(zhuǎn)化為終結(jié)貧困的有效行動(dòng)呢?
　　A World Bank Group strategy
　　世界銀行集團(tuán)的戰(zhàn)略
　　Our answer is that for the first time, we have a strategy that will bring together the entire World Bank Group – the Bank, which works with governments。 the IFC, our private sector arm。 and the Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency, or MIGA, which provides political risk insurance. We just released it a few days ago. Never before have we defined a strategy that gives us a prehensive roadmap to guide all parts of our institution around mon